Assembling device and applicaton thereof



Oct. 16, 1951 c. DE LA SOURCE 2,571,545

ASSEMBLING DEVICE AND APPLICATION THEREOF' Filed July ll, 1947 Z/VVENTUR5m/afs 05M 8oz/Ref Patented ct. 16, 1951 oFFIcE ASSEMBLING DEVICE ANDAPPLICATION THEREOF Charles de la Source, Paris, France, assig'nor toSociete: Les Fils de Peugeot Freres, Valen# tigney, France, a Frenchcompany Application July 11, 1947, SerialNo. 760,462

In France July 25, 1946 1 Claim. 1

The present invention relates to the assembling by tting into oneanother of two parts of members, one of which is provided with Iacavity, into which penetrates and is gripped a male portion of the otherpart.

In assemblies of this type heretofore known and used, in particular, forfixing shafts, rods, tool handles, etc. in order to obtain a suitableassembly of the parts, it is necessary to adjust said parts accuratelybeforehand. Furthermore, the value of the grip depends on this adjustingand cannot be changed after said parts have been made.

One object of the invention is an assembly wherein the gripping betweenthe two parts, which have previously been assembled without accurateadjusting and without gripping, is obtained by means of an unresilientand incompressible deformable auxiliary element which is housed in theassembly and is permanently transversely expanded, after assembling, byaxial compression.

According to a preferred embodiment, the male part is provided, in itsportion engaged in the hole of the female part, with a cavity in which adeformable substance 'has been radially expanded by means of an axialcompression, in such a manner that the expansion of said substanceproduces a radial expansion of the male part in the hole of the femalepart.

The invention makes it possible to assemble parts which are in no Wayaccurate and which are loosely inserted in one another. The grippingforce can be adjusted at will, by axially compressing the deformableelement more or less. Furthermore, the assembling operation can becarried out very quickly.

The invention also has for its object the Various applications of thisassembly, in particular for coupling'cylindrical parts of small size,such Ias: pins in their housings, rods assembled end to end, xing toolShanks or handles, fixing `articulation rivets, etc.

Other characteristics will become apparent from the ensuing description.

In the accompanying drawing, which is given solely by way of example:

, Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of the fixing according to theinvention of a stem or tang fitted to a wood-chisel or like tool;

Figs. 2 and 3 are similar views of two other embodiments;

Fig. 4 shows in section the assembly of a twopart rivet;

Fig. 5 shows the locking of a pivot on the parts pivoted thereon;

Fig. 6 shows a modification of the fixing of a pivot or journal at theend of a shaft or other part.

'According to the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the invention is assumedto be applied to the xing of a stem'or tang I to the steel body 2 of awood-chisel or like tool.

According to this embodiment, the body 2 of the tool is provided with aferrule 3 integral therewith. In the bottom of the ferrule is providedan axial hole 4. The stem I, of highly resilient metal, is providedatits end, along the axis thereof, with a blind hole 5. At E is shownthe beginning of the handle. Inside the hole 5 of the stem I is placedan intermediate element, in the form of ra cylindrical body 1, made ofsoft alloy: aluminum, copper, lead, or any other metal, 'or again of anyunresilient substance'which can be permanently deformed and transmit asubstantially uniform pressure. Finally, a steel dowel 8 is placed atthe end of the element 1.

The parts having been placed inside one another, -as shown in Fig. 1,the assembly is mounted on a press in order to receive the axialcompression force between the ends of the tool.

The force is transmitted by the stem I, the body Zand the dowel 8, tothe intermediate element 1. Said element is compressed and swellsdiametrically to the extent to Which there are clearances between thevarious parts. Then, owing to its deformation, said element, in itsturn, exerts a heavy pressure on the inner Walls of the hole 5 of therod I which expands and is thereby firmly gripped inside the hole 4 ofthe tool body 2. The assembly of the parts I and 2 is thus obtained. Thegripping force can be adjusted by Varying the axial compression force.

This same method of assembling can be used for all hand tools having anadded shank, such as joiners and carter-s chisels, mortice-chisels,gouges, screw drivers, etc.

Fig. 2 shows a modification of this method of assembling, applied to atool having a separately fitted ferrule. The tool body is shown thereinat 2, the shank at I, the ferrule at 3. Said ferrule has a hole 9extending right through it in which are inserted the shank I and acylindrical portion Il) of the body 2. Two intermediate elements 'I and'Ia are provided, which are respectively housed in the hole 5 of theshank I and in a hole II of the cylindrical portion I0 of the body 2. Asteel dowel 8 housed between the two elements 1 and 1a transmits thecompression force to said two elements so that owing to their radialexpansion they grip the shank and the portion I0 of the body 2 in theferrule 3.

The use of the dowel 8 is not absolutely necessary, as shown in Fig. 3,in which the two elements `I and 'Ia of the previous example arereplaced by a single element 1b. It may however happen that thesubstance of said element 'Ib expands into the space between the ends ofthe parts I and 2, and forms an obstacle to the closing together of saidparts when the compression force is applied, so that the solution ofFig. 2 is preferable.

Fig. 4 shows an articulation rivet, for example, for the two arms I3 andI4 of a pair of pliers or pincers. In one of the arms, the rivet has tobe loose in order to enable it to pivot; in the other arm, the pin hasto be tight. The rivet is in two parts I5, I6. Gripping is obtained bymeans of a compression element 'I which is radially expanded inside thecavity I'I provided in the portion I6 of the rivet. A steel dowel isplaced at 8.

Fig. 5 shows a pivot I8 for parts I9 and 20. The pivot I8 has a headwhich is fitted by means of the same method. A washer 2I bears against ashoulder 22 of the pivot and transmits the compression force to anelement 23 housed about the pivot inside a second compression member 24.The end of the pivot and the inside of the part 24 are provided withgrooves 25 and 26 into which the material of the element 23 is forced bythe eiect of the axial compression:

A modification of the invention may consist in obtaining a rstapproximate gripping of the assembly, by the use of an element Ic ofslightly larger dimensions than that of the housing into which it isforced. Fig. 6 shows this arrangement applied to a pivot 2l which is tobe gripped in the housing 28 of a part 29. The element 'Ic isconstructed of slightly larger size than that of the hole 39 of thepivot 2`I. Owing to this fact, its insertion into the pivot will causesame to expand and produce a rst gripping of the parts. This gripping isthen completed at the end of the operation'by the deformation bycompression of the element 1, as hereinbefore described.

, Naturally, the invention is in no way limited to the embodimentsillustrated and described which have only been chosen by way of example.

These examples only illustrate a few applications of the invention toarticles of ironmongery. But it is obvious that numerous otherapplications can be provided, with modications enabling the invention tobe adapted to various articles.

It should be noted, in particular, that the parts to be assembled may beof any cross-sectional shape: ,circu1ar, square, polygonal, etc.

The parts may be made of metal or o! any other material capable ofundergoing a slight deformation.

Having now described our invention what we claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

A device for assembling two parts, including the combination of a firstpart provided with a recess, a second part having a stud portion havinga longitudinal blind bore opening therefrom, an insert of soft materialconfined inside said bore and a dowel of hard material, one end of whichis adapted to t the mouth of said bore to bear on the insert while itsopposite end is adapted to project beyond said stud to contact thebottom of said recess upon the said stud portion being inserted therein,whereby bringing the two parts together under heavy pressure causes theinsert to be compressed and the walls of said bore to be expanded intotight engagement with the inner wall of said recess.

CHARLES ns LA SOURCE.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 783,023 Converse Feb. 21, 19052,083,006 Deems June 8, 1937 2,142,586 Gort Jan. 3, 1939 2,181,467Stolnacke et al. Nov. 28, 1939 2,240,199 Wilson Apr. 29, 1941 2,259,368Febrey Oct. 14, 1941 2,300,356 Febrey Oct. 21, 1942 2,311,874 Sabol Feb.23, 1943 2,438,976 Lautman Apr. 6, 1948 2,508,225 Clark May 16, 1950

